strategy
Shell microstructure protects from compressionconch
The shell of the conch survives compression and three-point bending due to lath-like aragonite crystals that form a microlayer.
strategy
Shell resists crackingscallop
The shell of a scallop resists cracking via composite structure.
strategy
Weak interfaces make material toughnacre
Layers of weak and stretchy organic material between brittle mineral layers in nacre make the whole composite tough by managing cracks.
strategy
Tri-layer shell protects from predatorsgolden-scale snail
The shell of the golden-scale snail protects from attack with a specialized tri-layered composition
strategy
Teeth are strong and resilientchiton
The teeth of chitons resist cracking because of the highly ordered, submicroscopic architecture that features a partnership between hard mineral crystals and fibers.
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