Alveoli in lungs improve gas exchange by increasing the surface area of the lungs.

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"Our lungs are the functional interface between us and the atmosphere. The capacity of a pair of lungs is about 6 liters, but this modest volume, divided among three hundred million alveoli, is bounded by a surface of 50-100 square meters, about the floor area of a large classroom." (Vogel 2003:47)

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Comparative Biomechanics: Life's Physical World, Second EditionJune 17, 2013
Steven Vogel

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